PANDAS

Overview Acetylcholine autoimmunity most commonly presents as myasthenia gravis (MG), where antibodies attack acetylcholine receptors (AChR) or related proteins (e.g., MuSK, LRP4) at the neuromuscular junction. Treatments aim to relieve symptoms, reduce the autoimmune attack, and address any thymic pathology. The best approach is personalized: antibody type, disease severity, thymic status, age, pregnancy plans, and […]

Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) (Swedo et al., 2012): An acute onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder OR severely restricted food intake Concurrent presence of additional neuropsychiatric symptoms with similarly severe and acute onset from at least 2 of the following categories  anxiety emotional lability and/or depression irritability, aggression, and/or severe oppositional behaviors behavioral regression sudden deterioration in